Political Development

Introduction Political Development involves the use of a number of criteria to enhance political experience. Precisely, the criteria are used to improve the living standards of ordinary people in developing countries. The essay focuses on the criteria used in political development and their associated influence to the living standards of people in Third World Countries. A number of case studies demonstrating the significance of the criteria in fostering political development are also analyzed.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Political Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Political Development Criteria Generally, Political Development can be viewed as the constant effective increase in the potential of a system in response to social transitions and other institutions thus providing an effective communication channel between the population and the government. The development process can be undertaken in thr ee different criteria. These include: structural differentiation, system capabilities and equality tendency. The essay focuses on each of the criteria and their associated significance to the development experience and the lives of people in developing countries. Structural Differentiation It entails complicating societal relations with regard to the law concerning the increase in the diversity of peoples’ activities within the society and emergence of new interests among the diverse groups of individuals within the society. The reaction of political systems should be immediate so as to be effective. An effective political system is therefore characterised by highly specialised political institutes functionality and strong differentiation of its structures (Vasilik 2006). Consequently, the specialisation and functional differentiation level of structures yields the difference between developed and traditional political systems. The idea is based on the similar role played by both complex and simple political systems. Thus structural composition aspect forms the basis of the difference between the political systems since developed systems are more structurally differentiated (Vasilik 2006). The standardised model for socio-economics is used in measuring the relationship between economic development and structural differentiation aspect of political development. According to the model, political involvement is determined by the availability of distinct social resources in a society that bear economic significance. Participation of individuals that are highly educated and earning higher levels of income in political development far much exceeds the participation noted from the opposite group of individuals that are deemed poor and earning lower salaries. It has also been observed that rich persons having higher reputation in the society participate in politics far much more than poor people that occupy low status in the society (Yamada, Kohno Ikeda 2003). Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Consequently, adequacy of such structural resources is dependent on their economic development level. Economic development of a nation consequently transforms the social differentiation structure of its individuals. Therefore, effective political development should be aimed towards ensuring an expansion of opportunities to guarantee mobility of labour, an expansion of training centres to escalate the number of trained labourers and an expansion of the education system that is formal. A government that implements such initiatives transforms the societal social structure. An increase in the number of learned individuals would in return increase their participation in politics thus fostering political development. Highly learned individuals consequently form part of informed personnel that can occupy higher employment levels hence earn high salar ies. Furthermore, structural political development can aim at transforming psychological perspective of members of a society to foster economic development. Structural circumstances define political actions. Internal processes and preferences of an actor fuel political actions. Political participation of members of a society is therefore dependent on their attitudes and beliefs. Consequently, Political Development should be aimed at integrating such cultures and attitudes into the political system so as to enhance political participation. Adequate access to education, media and wealth foster political participation thus enhances political development. Democracy is also fostered by modernisation. Structural differentiation therefore aims at increasing individual involvement in politics. An increase in individual participation in politics fosters political development (D’Souza 1994). Findings on the significance of political participation to economic development The study encom passed a number of societies that is Mainland China, the colonial territory of Hong Kong and Taiwan that exhibited democracy. The type of the regime played a significant role in the modification of individual behaviour of members of the societies. It was observed that the rate of economic development within the entire country was unequal since the development rate in some regions surpassed that of other regions within the same country. Disparity was noted in the distribution of psychological and socioeconomic resources in the country. The difference was attributed to the variations in economic development levels in the regions. From the study, it was evident that the level of government activities in the regions was determined by the available resources. The difference therefore enabled an assessment of the relationship between economic development and political participation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Political Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The study revealed that China’s development declined as one moved from the coastal region to the mainland provinces and finally to the provinces occupying the northwest region. The per capita Gross Domestic Product range of individual counties from 1993 statistics was 1,036-48,035 Yuan. Results indicated a positive correlation between economic development in mainland provinces and the level of involvement in politics among citizens. 89.4% of individuals in developed areas confirmed participation in politics whereas 80.5% of individuals in less developed regions affirmed motive-based participation in politics. However, the results were different in Hong Kong since there was a negative correlation between the level of participation in politics and economic development. This was attributed to Hong Kong’s poorly developed electoral system. System Capabilities Political development is enhanced by an increase in the capabil ities of the political system. The capabilities include survival acts, innovation and mobilisation. Innovation capability encompasses the ability of a political system to adjust and solve emerging problems and its reaction flexibility to emerging and unpredicted issues. Mobilisation capability entails resource mobility that is both material and human. Resource mobility assumptions include: transforming unclear weights expectations into policies and solid programs, distribution and development of joint action projects, existence of political insights that can offset or adjust weights to fit into certain situations, accumulation of all the required resources and authority on the part of the leaders (Vasilik 2006). Survival capability entails the ability of the political system to implement appropriate specialised socialisation structures that will enable offsetting of the actions of revolutionists and counterculture development. System capability should conform to both the social and technological aspects. Social capability entails the abilities of private and public organisations and the support obtained from cultural and social factors. Significant elements of social capability include: expert competence, management and organisation expertise in macro businesses, ability of markets and other financial institutions to mobilise capital, stakeholders trust and honesty in the development process and the government’s effectiveness and stability in rules enforcement and fostering economic growth (Fagerberg Srholec 2008). Technological capability entails the organisational, economic and social capability required to finance big company investments in the country in a bid to foster economic development. Countries that intend to undergo positive economic development therefore have to possess the abilities (Chandler 1990). However, technological capability can also be achieved through technology exploitation and exploration like in the case of Japan.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Japan’s success was attributed to its ability to link technological innovations with appropriate organisational requirements. Chandler’s perspective used by countries from the West was changed by Japan from â€Å"knowledge and creation† to â€Å"scale and scope†. Absorptive capacity is the other paradigm that can be used in enhancing technological capability of a political system. This refers to the ability of the system to recognise emerging foreign information, integrating it into its system and using the information for productive purposes aimed at fostering economic development (Cohen Levinthal 1990). Further study on the applications of the various technological capability paradigms depicts technological advancements of newly industrialising countries. Technological capability in developing nations was linked to the implementation of suitable technological activities in the 1970s and 1980s. For instance, technological capability transformed Korea fr om being an impoverished nation to a global technological hub within 30 years. Three elements were considered under technological capability. They include innovation, production and investment capabilities. Absorptive capacity was used by the country in achieving technological capability. The paradigm therefore focuses on technology exploitation capability besides research and development (Fagerberg Godinho 2004). Resource mobilisation entails the use of a number of means. These include: manipulation of trade terms, inflation tax, forced savings among others. Tax is a significant factor in state capability and formation. The political dimensions of a political system and state capacity and power parameters are measured by tax as one of the key measuring instruments. Consequently, developing countries should devise appropriate tax systems that foster growth through incentives, meet demands of distribution and collect adequate revenue. According to Toye (2000), state effectiveness an d viability is guaranteed by increased revenue. Tax revenue can be used by the government in infrastructure development and effective delivery of key services that are paramount to economic development. The political system should therefore aim at developing a suitable tax system that will finance its operations thus improve the living standards of citizens. Equality Tendency Criterion for Political Development This involves individual participation in political activities. The traditional submission culture should be transformed into participation culture. The submission culture aimed at ensuring the realisation of administrative responsibilities. On the contrary, the culture of participation entails active engagement into politics regardless of the associated attitudes from distinct institutions. The transition can be realised democratically. Mandatory mobilisation can also be used to effect the transformation. Equality tendency can be achieved through enactment of universal laws that are applicable to all members of a society without discrimination and privileges. The recruitment process of various holders of different state positions should be based on the applicant’s competence rather than being hereditary or limited to a specific group of members of a given class only (Vasilik 2006). However, equality tendency can decrease the capability of a political system. Consequently, in a bid to maintain the capability of the system, the level of political representation and the expression of interests of various groups are limited. The criterion thus focuses on functional differentiation of the institutes of the political system. Political development is thus enhanced when the system integrates the social interests of different groups through deliberate consolidations, aggregating interests using political parties and enhancing political social relations by permitting the acquisition of political information by the media. There are four groups that make up performance possibilities of political systems. They include: development of institutes of the political system that is responsible for logical bureaucracy and unity of the country, global possibility that permits the integration of international standards into the system, involvement possibility that entails the creation of a civil and democratic culture and structure and distribution possibility that provides the network for welfare standards’ circulation and effective coordination among social, economic and political structures. Economic development should correspond to the following dimensions: growth should be noted in the productive capability of the society, individual living standards should be improved significantly and continuously, income and assets distribution should be broadened, health and safety conditions should also be improved, improvement in resource utility and environmental management and improvement in gender equality (Vasilik 2006). The tenets of the democratic theory used to achieve equality tendency include the principles of universal citizenship, equality, popular sovereignty, weight and legality. The political system should aim at transforming authoritarian regimes into democratic ones. This entails extending political rights to individuals of a country, establishing electoral procedures that are limited, permitting self organisation of independent political parties and extending press freedom to enable the acquisition and transmission of certain sensitive political information. Democratic regimes are effective in producing a wide range of benefits thus foster economic development. Furthermore, corruption incidences are not prevalent in democratic regimes. This makes them suitable for economic development (D’Souza 1994). After the Second World War, many developing nations have undergone a series of economic and political developments. The study on the correlation between the development processes of these countries an d the associated democracy is vital to convey the causal relationship between the two variables. Findings of the study indicate that democratic political institutions significantly fostered the process of economic development in the countries. As a matter of fact, the poor are numerous in developing nations. Consequently, successful politics in such regions is dependent on the ability of a political party to address economic development issues of such poor people. Therefore, election of such politicians into the parliament and government will guarantee enactment of laws that will enhance economic development of poor people since politicians have the propensity of gaining support and favour (De Haan Siermann 1996). Therefore, continuous economic development in developing countries coincides with the rate of democratisation. Poverty eradication programs will be implemented by regimes that rely on poor people for their survival. However, the implementation of such programs in develope d nations faces multiple challenges since it involves a lengthy process. It is also evident that democracy emerges with economic development. It is therefore effectively sustained in developed nations rather than developing ones. Basing on another study that was conducted on 135 countries for the study period that is 1950 and 1999, 44 countries remained under dictatorship. 34 countries were observed to have sustained democracy throughout the entire study period. There were transitions in the regimes from dictatorship to democratic and vice versa. Single regime change was noted in 29 countries with 2 countries changing their political regime from democracy to dictatorship and 27 changing from dictatorship to democracy. Double regime transition was noted in 12 countries. The countries that experienced 3, 4, 5 and 6 regime transitions were 5, 5, 3 and 2 respectively. One country that is Argentina experienced 8 regime transitions within the study period (Brass 1986). Results indicated t hat dictatorship regimes faded under a number of circumstances. For instance, some dictatorship regimes collapsed during economic crises whereas others fall as a result of economic development of a country. International forces were also responsible for the crumbling of some dictatorship regimes. However, empirical results indicate that democracy survived in countries that exhibited an increase in economic development and failed in the case where a country’s prosperity either stagnated or declined. With regard to income distribution, a decrease in the income ratio of top-to-bottom individuals of a country enhanced survival of democracy. In summary, democracy fosters economic development since it guarantees effective allocation of resources to all parts of a country (Patti Navarra 2009). Democracy also exhibits effective utility of the allocated resources. This fosters economic development in the country. Political Development should be centred towards establishing democracy regimes to guarantee appropriate resource allocation especially to the disadvantaged regions of a country. Transparency and accountability are also enhanced under democracy regimes rather than dictatorships. Consequently, there is a high chance that a country that adopts democracy as a tool for attaining equality tendency improves the living standards of its citizens (Bardhan 1999; Bardhan 2005). Reference List Bardhan, P 1999, ‘Democracy and Development: A Complex Relationship’, in I Shapiro C Hacker-Cordon (eds), Democracy’s Value, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 93-111. Bardhan, P 2005, ‘Institutions matter, but which ones?’, Economics of Transition, vol. 13, no.3, pp. 499-532. Brass, PR 1986, ‘The Political Uses of Crisis: The Bihar Famine of 1966-1967’, The Journal of Asian Studies, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 245-267. Chandler, AD 1990, Scale and Scope: The Dimension of Industrial Capitalism, Harvard University Press, Cambridge (MA). Cohen, W M Levinthal, DA 1990, ‘Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation’, Learning and Science Quarterly, vol. 35, no.1, pp. 128-152. De Haan, J Siermann, C 1996, ‘New Evidence on the Relationship between Democracy and Economic Growth’, Public Choice, vol. 86, no. (1-2), pp. 175-198. D’Souza, F 1994, ‘Democracy as a cure for famine’, Journal of Peace Research, vol. 31, no.4, pp.369-373. Fagerberg, J Godinho, MM 2004, ‘Innovation and Catching Up’, in J Fagerberg, D Mowery R Nelson (eds), The Oxford Handbook on Innovation, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 514-544. Fagerberg, J Srholec, M 2008, ‘National innovation systems, capabilities and economic development’, Research policy, vol. 37, no.9, pp. 1417-1435. Patti, DMA Navarra, P 2009, ‘Globalization, democratization and economic growth’, Applied economics letters, vol. 16, no.7, p. 731-734. Toye, J 2000, â₠¬ËœFiscal Crisis and Reform in Developing Countries’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, vol. 24, no.1, pp. 21-44. Vasilik, MA 2006, ‘Political Development: Concept and Criteria’, Political Science. Web. Yamada, Y, Kohno, M Ikeda, K 2003, Influence of Social Capital on Political Participation in Asian Cultural Context, Asian Barometer, Taipei. This essay on Political Development was written and submitted by user Jennifer Z. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on TV And KIDS

Recent studies from all around the world have proved that Television has an effect on people as individuals and as a whole. We have coined the phrase â€Å"couch potato† for people who sit around watching TV all the time. There has been numerous studies on people of all ages from toddlers to senior citizens on what effects television has on the human psyche. No one can say and believe that television has no effects on society. It is argued constantly whether television reflects society or society reflects what they see on television. TV has become a major part of every American home. Many other developed countries are just the same. Society is what is on television. It is real people acting like another real person writes them to act. Society is making TV so in my opinion neither society or TV actually â€Å"reflect† one another, but they blend into pure entertainment. One way or the other, people and society as a whole are affected by television in many ways. Many People like to argue that television is horrible and that it ruins kids minds. There is good evidence to support this view also. Robert DuRant is one of the many people that believe what children are exposed to teaches them how they are supposed to act. He has studied how exposure to violence in the media results in fighting, carrying a weapon, and an intention to use violence. In a study done in 1999 by the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, it was shown that American children watch an average of three to four hours of television a day. (American 1) The most suprising results of DuRant’s studies were that girls were more affected than boys were. Kids who had already seen violence on television were more likely to imitate what they saw and were more likely to be violent in school. Often children who see violence on the television cannot differentiate what is reality and what is television. This can mean big trouble for the child and the people who may ... Free Essays on TV And KIDS Free Essays on TV And KIDS Recent studies from all around the world have proved that Television has an effect on people as individuals and as a whole. We have coined the phrase â€Å"couch potato† for people who sit around watching TV all the time. There has been numerous studies on people of all ages from toddlers to senior citizens on what effects television has on the human psyche. No one can say and believe that television has no effects on society. It is argued constantly whether television reflects society or society reflects what they see on television. TV has become a major part of every American home. Many other developed countries are just the same. Society is what is on television. It is real people acting like another real person writes them to act. Society is making TV so in my opinion neither society or TV actually â€Å"reflect† one another, but they blend into pure entertainment. One way or the other, people and society as a whole are affected by television in many ways. Many People like to argue that television is horrible and that it ruins kids minds. There is good evidence to support this view also. Robert DuRant is one of the many people that believe what children are exposed to teaches them how they are supposed to act. He has studied how exposure to violence in the media results in fighting, carrying a weapon, and an intention to use violence. In a study done in 1999 by the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, it was shown that American children watch an average of three to four hours of television a day. (American 1) The most suprising results of DuRant’s studies were that girls were more affected than boys were. Kids who had already seen violence on television were more likely to imitate what they saw and were more likely to be violent in school. Often children who see violence on the television cannot differentiate what is reality and what is television. This can mean big trouble for the child and the people who may ...

Environmental Problem Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Environmental Problem - Research Paper Example The author also uses research materials of other environmental scientists which complements his own study of the environmental problems. http://www.unep.org/resourceefficiency/Business/SectoralActivities/Tourism/TheTourismandEnvironmentProgramme/FactsandFiguresaboutTourism/ImpactsofTourism/EnvironmentalImpacts/TourismsThreeMainImpactAreas/tabid/78776/Default.aspx The research made by UNEP is a deep study into environmental problems affected by adverse actions of the tourists and their activity. The article provides latest information about the state of affairs of the resources, nature and environment in the recreational areas and stresses negative effects locally. The article is very beneficial for the research paper because it provides complete and relevant information about all the issues it concerns. The structure of the work provides a logical information presentation which contributes to its better perception and understanding. The benefit of this work is also that it deals with the aesthetic aspect of environment deterioration and pollution because this is the thing that is ignored the most when human beings perform any

Health and Safety at work course work Coursework

Health and Safety at work course work - Coursework Example Thus Planning-I consists of five separate entities that are deeply interlinked. VISION OF PLANNING 1:- Keeping house in efficient and productive order, set timelines for every project, pursue relentlessly, while onus of every project is with a specific person. To be a success story, Planning – I Wing will work on the motto of ‘Reach out to all, net and tune well domestically within ERRA and beyond in the sister Organizations, Institutions and Ministries for the collective well being of the Earthquake (EQ) affected people and good reputation of ERRA’. Achievements have no limits, efforts have no bounds. Field is vast open. Let everyone see and judge, who runs the fastest and for how long. CHANNELS FOR COMMUNICATION: - The channels that are used in the wing are mainly the documentation accompanied by the verbal communication. The following are the modes of communications. 1) DOCUMENTATION AND APPROVALS: - Any new project to be implemented or any alteration or advanc ements in the projects conducted by the ERRA are documented properly. And the approvals for all the activities are approved by bottom approach. 2) STAFF AND EMPLOYEE MEETINGS: - All the staff meetings and employee meetings are being conducted in a regular manner depending upon the sensitivity of the projects. These meetings are conducted in the same departments or rather with collaborative department of choice as per the requirements. 3) INTERNET AND EMAIL NOTIFICATION:- Most of the notifications are given to the department via email notifications and phone calls directly. So there is a strictness to check the emails notifications daily so that every person must be updated with the current situation regularly. 4) FAX: - If there is a meeting or any negotiations or problems that need the communication with other department, then there is a three way communication procedure that includes fax along with telephone and email notification. 5) VERBAL: - Also there is a way communication by the direct boss to the employee verbally if he or she has to notify something or there is any important issue that needs discussion. HASAWA IMPLEMENTATION:- Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 promotes the safety and health at workplace and it is very effective in promoting the good health. It involves the duties imposed on employers, employees, contractors, suppliers of goods and substances for use at work, persons that are in control of work premises, and those who has a charge to manage and maintain them, and persons in general. So the duties of the HASAWA are applied on all of the employees and all other important persons that can contribute even a pinch towards promoting good health or violating health regulations. BEST CHANNEL TO PROMOTE HASAWA IN THE DEPARTMENT:- The best way to aware people and to implement HASAWA is through telecommunication and workshops. The reason for this channel is due to the reason that in Pakistan, there is shortage of electricity and there is m uch obvious that the electricity is not a reliable source for notification for any activity or information. So emails could be unreliable in this case which could be a big problem. And also the telecommunication is not much expensive in Pakistan and here there is lot of networks giving many cost effective packages. As

Law AS - causation model answer Essay Example for Free

Law AS causation model answer Essay There are two types of causation which are necessary to establish criminal liability. These are factual causation and cause in law (also known as legal causation). Factual causation means that the defendant can only be found guilty if the consequence would not have happened ‘but for’ the defendant’s conduct. This was seen in the case of Pagett (1982). Similarly, a defendant cannot be found guilty if the victim’s death was unrelated to the defendant’s actions (as in White, 1910). Legal causation, where the actions of D must be found to have caused the consequence, can be established as long as the ‘chain of causation’ (between the act and the consequence) has not been broken. There are a number of ways in which this chain can be broken,: Firstly, through the act of a third party, an example of which is medical treatment that is deemed to be ‘palpably wrong’ such as that seen in Jordan (1956); Secondly, where the victim’s own act is so daft as to not be reasonably expected, as seen in Williams (1992); Finally, as a result of a natural but unpredictable event, such as a flood or an earthquake. Despite external factors, the chain of causation is not deemed to have been broken as long as the D’s actions are more than a ‘minimal’ cause of the consequence. Similarly, the defendant must also take the defendant as they find them. This is known as the ‘thin skull rule’ (as seen in Blaue 1975), meaning that there is legal causation even if D’s actions would not have caused those consequences in a regular or normal person.

University Foundation :: University Foundation Education Essays

University Foundation The presentation I choose to summarize is Greg Gissendanner’s presentation on the university foundation. Like most of the other presentations in class, Greg used the standard outline of presenting the unit’s history, mission, organizational structure, funding and financial concerns, and current issues. History. Greg showed that while many foundations look fairly similar today, the history of foundation development took on many different forms at different institutions. Greg’s primary examples of Harvard and Rutgers compared stories of how each foundation got its start with early donations (in a foreign currency!) as well as donations of other types – those that we might call in-kind today. These donations of materials and labor were instrumental in getting these two institutions the boost they needed for their continuing growth. Mission. Greg went on to define a â€Å"shared† mission statement of university foundations in general. This shared mission, securing gifts and grants, maximizing donor interest and commitment, and distribution of gifts to the university community, came from five specific mission statements which Greg then shared with the class. These individual mission statements while variable, all seemed to contain this shared definition within them even though they came from a variety of large public institutions. It would have been interesting to compare these with the mission of some smaller publics and also private institutions. Organizational Structure. Greg used a nice technique to discuss the organization structures of university foundations. Instead of just showing several examples, he asked the class to take a look at two universities which he had outlined some basic characteristics such as enrollment, location, cost of tuition, age of institution and endowment. He then asked us how we thought each of their foundations would be organized. It was a good tactic to make us think about what factors might affect the organization of a foundation and why. He went on to give details and his own explanation of why the foundations were organized the way they were. Funding and Financial Concerns. Next Greg discussed how the university foundation is typically funded. He explained that the foundation typically has five funding streams, endowment management fees, unrestricted gifts, gift fee, investment income fee, and a university services fee.

Craddock Cup

1. The Craddock Cup in its current form should be continued in order to maximize CYSL’s profits. Although it looks as though the Cup is incurring a loss, we need to analyze the relevant and irrelevant costs to truly determine the financial impact of discontinuing the cup. Although total expenses are $53,538, we need to eliminate the irrelevant, or unavoidable, costs when deciding whether the Cup should continue. In this case, the irrelevant, unavoidable costs include Rivaldo’s salary allocated to the tournament ($6,300), the field rental cost for the week ($1,200), and the rent/utilities expense for the Cup ($2,700).When these costs are added, we get $10,200 in sunk costs that cannot be avoided regardless of the continuation of the Craddock Cup. Subtracting these irrelevant costs from the total expenses of the tournament, we get $43,338 in relevant costs. When you subtract these expenses from the revenue generated by the tournament, we end up with a relevant profit of $ 6,502. This means that the CYSL is making $6,502 more than it would if it eliminated the Craddock Cup. I would therefore recommend that the Craddock Cup be continued. 2.My answer to the first question would change if the alternative to holding the Craddock Cup would be to rent the field to the Harvest Fair for $6,750. From purely a financial perspective, renting the field to the Harvest Fair would make the most sense. By doing this, the CYSL can make a $6,750 profit, excluding the allocated costs that are unavoidable and irrelevant. This is $248 more than the $6,502 they would profit by actually holding the tournament. So strictly by financial terms, it would make more sense to rent out the field in order to generate an increase in profit of $248 over the alternative of hosting the Craddock Cup. . When considering the decisions that management needs to make, it is important to consider not only the quantitative data, but also the qualitative characteristics. In this case, after cons idering the qualitative characteristics I would recommend that the CYSL continue to hold the Craddock Cup for multiple reasons. First of all, the influx of people that come to the tournament are advantageous for the nearby businesses. The economic advantages of the event would leave the town worse off than before. Also, the experience and opportunities that the Cup provides to high school soccer players are too crucial to ignore.By giving players a chance to gain recognition from college scouts and potentially get a scholarship, the tournament allows them to achieve their goals of playing college soccer. Another factor that must be discussed is the firing of the Renee Jansten. We do not know her current financial situation and would like to avoid firing anyone if at all avoidable. Lastly, the potential for future profits as the tournament gains more recognition and prestige should be enough to make CYSL keep running the Craddock Cup annually. 4. Exhibit A shows the expected financia l impact of adding 32 more teams to the schedule.Revenues would increase to $85,680 (assuming while expenses would rise to $87,806. This leads to a reported net income of -$2,126. However, if we remove the irrelevant, unavoidable costs ($10,200), we get a relevant profit of $8,074. This is $1,572 more than the $6,502 relevant profit expected from a 32-team tournament. It would therefore be in the greater interest of the CYSL to host a 64-team Craddock Cup next year. 5. The profit margin for the 32-team tournament is 3. 62% higher than the profit margin for the 64-team tournament. For the 32 team tournament, the profit margin is $6,502/$49,840=13. 5%. For the 64 team tournament, the profit margin decreases to $8,074/$85,680=9. 423%. Although the 64-team alternative has the lower profit margin, it has higher overall profits and is recommended. Exhibit A (64-Team Financials) Revenues:Calculations Registration Fees18,880Doubled T-Shirts 9,600Doubled Concessions34,560Doubled Soccer Clini c 8,640Doubled Contributions14,000Same Total Revenue85,680 Expenses: T-Shirts 3,840Doubled (Variable) Concessions17,280Doubled (Variable) Clinic 5,184Doubled (Variable) Insurance 4,608Doubled (Variable) Registration 1,500Same (Fixed)Field Rental 8,760(1200+6 fields x $210 x 6 days) Balls 864Doubled (Variable) Refs12,800Doubled (Variable) Trophies 1,800Doubled (Variable) Hotels 6,400$80x 2 nights x 15 + 4,000 Face Books 570450+(95-75)x$6 Marketing 3,2002,200+1000 CYSL Salaries18,300Same (Fixed) CYSL Rent 2,700Same (Fixed) Total Expenses87,806 Net Income:($2,126) Irrelevant/Unavoidable Expenses: Field Rental 1,200 CYSL Salaries 6,300 CYSL Rent 2,700 Total Irr. Exp. 10,200 Relevant Expenses: 87,806-10,200=77,606 Relevant Profit: Revenue85,680 Rel. Exp77,606 Rel. Profit 8,074